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About

From oil booms to voting rights, Texas underwent dramatic transformation between 1900 and 1930. Historian Andrew Torget explores how the discovery of oil at Spindletop fueled rapid urban growth, while the progressive movement brought new opportunities—especially for women. But it was also a time of deep inequality, as segregation laws and violence targeted communities of color. Discover how these decades of change set the stage for Texas’s future.

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The page was updated on 07/08/2025.

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